I m still writing an essay

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1. 

   Carolien den Drijver June 21, 2015

   And it’s interesting how different the process of actually obtaining that phd seems to be. Or only in the sense that they better not be parts of your thesis as that has to me made up of completely unpublished material. Here in Germany there is definitely a viva but it really focuses on your thesis.

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2. 

   Lydie Cortez June 22, 2015

   Don't write something in a hurry that you will cringe at later . Dissertation is a significant piece of independent writing that you want to.

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3. 

   Orsola Siciliano June 23, 2015

    Michelle has now ventured out on her own to found  Adeptify, the brain-child of her dual passions for career advice and freelance writing. As such, she has a unique perspective on the challenges facing academicians looking to transition into industry–both from the side of the job hunter, and as a recruiter trying to match candidates’ skill sets with available industry positions.  in Physiology in 2010 and was an AHA-funded postdoctoral fellow until 2013, when she transitioned into a private sector role as a scientific recruiter.

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4. 

   Lachlan Whitford June 23, 2015

   Need an expert thesis writer. We have the best scribes on the net. Looking for professional dissertation writers online. Experienced Dissertation Writers For Hire. Some of the best dissertation writers have extensive experience in.

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5. 

   Ellen Andersson July 27, 2015

   The target market and their potential motivation for purchasing a driverless car are identified. The bibliography cites 3 sources. This 3 page paper presents an outline for the marketing of a car which does not need a driver. An outline for marketing message through the mass media is then proposed.

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6. 

   Odovacar Banks August 28, 2015

   It’s just panic, it’ll pass. You will at some point run out of steam and collapse in an exhausted, tear-stained heap. You might even come up with a new question and start working on it, depending on how long the breakdown lasts. But unless there are serious flaws in your work (unlikely) and your supervisor recommends starting again (highly unlikely), don’t do it. 5) There will be one day during the process when you will freak out, doubt your entire thesis and decide to start again from scratch.

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7. 

   Marton Kuncz August 29, 2015

   Your schedule should be designed to fit in with the university timetable/academic year and should take account of any deadlines set by your department. Below is a proposed timetable for your dissertation. It should also be sufficiently detailed for your supervisor to identify any areas of weakness in order to provide you with appropriate guidance:.

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8. 

   Rosalyn de Bonte August 30, 2015

   Terminology For Concepts And Abstractions
   When defining the terminology for a concept, be careful to decide precisely how the idea translates to an implementation. ” or “Johnson and Smith [J&S 90] presents evidence that. No one ever learned to write by reading essays like this. “an ideal solution” You’re judging again.
   What One Should Learn From The Exercise:
   All scientists need to communicate discoveries; the PhD dissertation provides training for communication with other scientists. Moreover, a dissertation must satisfy the stringent rules of formal grammar (e. If you agree “X” is correct, simply state “X” followed by a reference. ” means that there may be 1 compiler, 2 compilers, or N compilers. ” Then, only define exceptions. For example, even if all computer programs written in Professor X’s lab require more memory than the computer programs written in Professor Y’s lab, it may not have anything to do with the professors or the lab or the programmers (e. For example, in: “X does Y. Commerce and Science:
   In a scientific dissertation, one never draws conclusions about the economic viability or commercial success of an idea/method, nor does one speculate about the history of development or origins of an idea. ” Even if you were, so what. ” The research performed to support a thesis must be both, and the dissertation must show it to be so. ” All computer scientists should know the rules of logic. ”), the phrase is weak and often ambiguous. , maybe the people working in professor X’s lab are working on applications that require more memory than the applications in professor Y’s lab). , informal definitions) of terms provided they are defined more precisely later. A scientist must remain objective about the merits of an idea independent of its commercial popularity. ”

   Tense:
   Write in the present tense. Reason: almost any sentence can be written to begin with “we” because “we” can refer to: the reader and author, the author and advisor, the author and research team, experimental computer scientists, the entire computer science community, the science community, or some other unspecified group. It should provide an answer to the question posed in the introduction at a conceptual level. One must assess the idea independent of the source. Mention the possibilities for future research. Politics And Science:
   A scientist avoids all political influence when assessing ideas. Each sentence in a dissertation must be complete and correct in a grammatical sense. Voice:
   Use active constructions. “true”, “pure”, In the sense of “good” (it is judgemental). For example, the sentence “There is a compiler that translates the N languages by. Use precise words or phrases to assess quality (e. Chapter 6: Conclusions Summarize what was learned and how it can be applied. Data
   The facts that result from an experiment are called “data”. The system dynamically creates an address space when a program needs one, and destroys an address space when the program that created the space has finished using it.
   A Rule Of Thumb:
   Good writing is essential in a dissertation. ” “we” as in “we see that” A trap to avoid. , “if that cat had not crawled through the hole in the floor, we might not have discovered the power supply error indicator on the network bridge”). Moreover, a dissertation does not repeat the details of critical thinking and analysis found in published sources; it uses the results as fact and refers the reader to the source for further details. “proof”, “prove” Would a mathematician agree that it’s a proof. If self-reference is essential, phrase it as “Section 10 describes. “we were surprised to learn. Avoid Self-Assessment (both praise and criticism):
   Both of the following examples are incorrect: “The method outlined in Section 2 represents a major breakthrough in the design of distributed systems because. In general, one should avoid all qualitative judgements. Definitions And Terminology:
   Each technical term used in a dissertation must be defined either by a reference to a previously published definition (for standard terms with their usual meaning) or by a precise, unambiguous definition that appears before the term is used (for a new term or a standard term used in an unusual way). Shades of meaning matter; the terminology and prose must make fine distinctions. You may be tempted to document a long series of experiments that produced nothing or a coincidence that resulted in success. In particular, do not document seemingly mystical influences (e. P=2627

   A translation of this essay in German can be found at — Emily Dickinson

   A man may write at any time, if he will set himself doggedly to it. Make it a “theme” that ties together all your arguments. Cause and Effect:
   A dissertation must carefully separate cause-effect relationships from simple statistical correlations. ” the reader can assume “this” refers to Y or to the fact that X does it. In particular, a scientist never assumes that commercial success is a valid measure of merit (many popular products are neither well-designed nor well-engineered). ” Reason: “this” can refer to the subject of the previous sentence, the entire previous sentence, the entire previous paragraph, the entire previous section, etc. Are you sure you really know the facts. For example “Johnson and Smith [J&S90] reports that. “due to” colloquial “probably” only if you know the statistical probability (if you do, state it quantatively “obviously, clearly” be careful: obvious/clear to everyone. Even if the cause of some phenomenon seems obvious, one cannot draw a conclusion without solid, supporting evidence. If one expects to discuss the differences between a concept and its implementation, the definitions must allow such a distinction. By the way, if you are writing an AI thesis, talk to someone else: AI people have their own system of rules. Chapter 4: Experimental Measurements Describe the results of experiments that provide evidence in support of your thesis. Each statement in a dissertation must be correct and defensible in a logical and scientific sense. The term “knowledge” implies that the facts have been analyzed, condensed, or combined with facts from other experiments to produce useful information. “simple” Can have a negative connotation, as in “simpleton” “along with” Just use “with” “actually, really” define terms precisely to eliminate the need to clarify “the fact that” makes it a meta-sentence; rephrase “this”, “that” As in “This causes concern. Focus On Results And Not The People/Circumstances In Which They Were Obtained:
   “After working eight hours in the lab that night, we realized. Common examples include: an algorithm and a particular program that implements it, a programming language and a compiler, a general abstraction and its particular implementation in a computer system, a data structure and a particular instance of it in memory. Moreover, the discussions in a dissertation must satisfy the most stringent rules of logic applied to mathematics and science. Parting thoughts:
   We leave you with the following ideas to mull over. , running a set of several programs many times, each when the computer is otherwise idle).
   Terms And Phrases To Avoid:
   adverbs Mostly, they are very often overly used. More important and often overlooked, it does not matter whether an idea originated with a scientist who has already won a Nobel prize or a first-year graduate student. When written using mathematical symbols, the difference are obvious because “for all” and “there exists” are reversed. P=651

   A translation of this essay in French can be found at In fact, one must still refrain from judgement unless one has the results from a controlled experiment (e. ” It doesn’t matter who said it or who did it. Describe the results without dwelling on your reactions or events that helped you achieve them. Suggested Order For Writing:
   The easiest way to build a dissertation is inside-out. The essence of a dissertation is critical thinking, not experimental data. ” means a single compiler exists that handles all the languages, while the sentence “For each of the N languages, there is a compiler that translates. Thus, statements such as “over four hundred vendors make products using technique Y” are irrelevant in a dissertation. Conceptually, one understands that each new address space should have a new identifier. The introductory chapter can give the intuition (i. Thus, one uses a singular verb to refer to a paper even though it has multiple authors. Before one can write a dissertation defending a particular thesis, one must collect evidence that supports it. Collect terms as they arise and keep a definition for each. However, if a VM system executes so long that it exhausts all possible address space identifiers, it must reuse a number. , no contractions, no colloquialisms, no slurs, no undefined technical jargon, no hidden jokes, and no slang, even when such terms or phrases are in common use in the spoken language). “in light of” colloquial “lots of” vague & colloquial “kind of” vague & colloquial “type of” vague & colloquial “something like” vague & colloquial “just about” vague & colloquial “number of” vague; do you mean “some”, “many”, or “most”. “can/may” Your mother probably told you the difference. Unfortunately the rules are more difficult to follow when the language of discourse is English instead of mathematical symbols. Dobie

   Translations:
   A translation of this essay in Czech can be found at Two important adjectives used to describe a dissertation are “original” and “substantial. The words must convey exactly the meaning intended, nothing more and nothing less. Another example: “RPC requires programs to transmit large packets” is not the same as “RPC requires a mechanism that allows programs to transmit large packets. Another example: “Jim and I arrived at the numbers shown in Table 3 by measuring. Instance:
   A reader can become confused when a concept and an instance of it are blurred. However, novices writing a dissertation in the experimental areas of CS may find the following example a good starting point:

   Chapter 1: Introduction An overview of the problem; why it is important; a summary of extant work and a statement of your hypothesis or specific question to be explored. ” instead of “The system will use the frame after it wrote the page to disk. Begin by writing the chapters that describe your research (3, 4, and 5 in the above outline). Quite the contrary, a clear presentation always exposes weaknesses. A quantative statement is preferable. For example, say “the operating system starts the device” instead of “the device is started by the operating system. Chapter 2: Definitions New terms only. For example, one could say, “Writers abuse adverbs. “show” Used in the sense of “prove”. In fact, such statements prejudice the reader. A VM system uses a small, finite number to identify each address space. — Samuel Johnson

   Keep right on to the end of the road. There is no canonical organization for a dissertation; each is unique. For example, say “The system writes a page to the disk and then uses the frame. Usually experiments either emphasize proof-of-concept (demonstrating the viability of a method/technique) or efficiency (demonstrating that a method/technique provides better performance than those that exist). ”
   Define Negation Early:
   Example: say “no data block waits on the output queue” instead of “a data block awaiting output is not on the queue. Consider the following discussion: VM systems include a concept known as an address space. Make the definitions precise, concise, and unambiguous. If they don’t mean anything to you now, revisit them after you finish writing a dissertation. — Harry Lauder

   The average Ph. “in terms of” usually vague “based on”, “X-based”, “as the basis of” careful; can be vague “different” Does not mean “various”; different than what. Define each technical term, even if you use it in a conventional manner. In general, every statement in a dissertation must be supported either by a reference to published scientific literature or by original work. Drawing Only Warranted Conclusions:
   One must be careful to only draw conclusions that the evidence supports. If necessary, add another chapter to give additional reasoning about the problem or its solution. Analysis and concepts form the heart of the work. After reading the middle chapters to verify terminology, write the conclusions. How many computers were built and sold yesterday. However, good writing cannot compensate for a paucity of ideas or concepts. ” Put an acknowledgement to Jim in the dissertation, but do not include names (even your own) in the main body. Indeed, the writing in a dissertaton must be crystal clear. Thus, the most difficult aspect of writing a dissertation consists of organizing the evidence and associated discussions into a coherent form. , “method A requires less computation than method B”). Use “incorrect/correct” to refer to factual correctness or errors. “today”, “modern times” Today is tomorrow’s yesterday. Make it readable by anyone. ” In fact, the first is patently false. If a sentence says “Most computer systems contain X”, you must be able to defend it. Saying “Programs must make procedure calls using the X instruction” is not the same as saying “Programs must use the X instruction when they call a procedure. A dissertation concentrates on principles: it states the lessons learned, and not merely the facts behind them. Instead, you need to practice, practice, practice. ” The second person has no place in a formal dissertation. Review later chapters to verify that each use of a technical term adheres to its definition. The easiest way to avoid a long series of definitions is to include a statement: “the terminology used throughout this document follows that given in [CITATION]. Summary: stick to the plain facts. Organize the definitions into a separate chapter. If one absolutely must reference a paper instead of a result, say “the paper states that. ” has no place in the dissertation. “bad”, “good”, “nice”, “terrible”, “stupid” A scientific dissertation does not make moral judgements. Be Careful When Using “few, most, all, any, every”. “seems”, “seemingly”, It doesn’t matter how something appears; “would seem to show” all that matters are the facts. Obviously, it should not matter whether government bodies, political parties, religious groups, or other organizations endorse an idea. Make the definitions precise and formal. More important, it can be interpreted in the concrete sense or in the meta-sense. For example, if programs run much slower on computer A than on computer B, one cannot conclude that the processor in A is slower than the processor in B unless one has ruled out all differences in the computers’ operating systems, input or output devices, memory size, memory cache, or internal bus bandwidth. Describe the problem and the research approach. The use of “claim” casts doubt on “X” because it references the authors’ thoughts instead of the facts. ” “Although the technique in the next section is not earthshaking. Writing a dissertation requires a student to think deeply, to organize technical discussion, to muster arguments that will convince other scientists, and to follow rules for rigorous, formal presentation of the arguments and discussion. The important point is that the discussion only makes sense because it defines “address space” independently from “address space identifier”. It doesn’t matter when you realized it or how long you worked to obtain the answer. Chapter 5: Corollaries And Consequences Describe variations, extensions, or other applications of the central idea. Thesis is nothing but the transference of bones from one graveyard to another. Canonical Organization:
   In general, every dissertation must define the problem that motivated the research, tell why that problem is important, tell what others have done, describe the new contribution, document the experiments that validate the contribution, and draw conclusions. ” jokes or puns They have no place in a formal document. In particular, a dissertation highlights original contributions. Never attribute such events to mystical causes or imply that strange forces may have affected your results. ” Avoid the phrase “the authors claim that X”. To “show” something, you need to provide a formal proof. After great pain, a formal feeling comes. ”
   Grammar And Logic:
   Be careful that the subject of each sentence really does what the verb says it does. Chapter 3: Conceptual Model Describe the central concept underlying your work. Abstract: A short (few paragraphs) summary of the the dissertation. ”
   References To Extant Work:
   One always cites papers, not authors. ” Computer programs don’t hope, not unless they implement AI systems. The scientific method means starting with a hypothesis and then collecting evidence to support or deny it. Key To Success:
   By the way, there is a key to success: practice. Each term should be used in one and only one way throughout the dissertation. ” The first person has no place in a formal dissertation.

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